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Busan City Designated Cultural Heritage

Beombang Three Story Pagoda

Beombang Three Story Pagoda
  • Location: Beombangdong No. 1314, Gangseogu
  • Category of Cultural Heritage: Busan Metropolitan City Designated Cultural Heritage No. 23
  • Date of Designation: March 10, 1989
  • Overview: This is a three story pagoda found on the abandoned temple site behind Beombang village (Tapdong) of Noksan. On February 12, 1972, it was designated as Gyeongsang Namdo regional tangible cultural heritage, but due to restructuring of administrative zones, it is now changed to Busan regional tangible cultural heritage no. 23. It is believed that the tower was constructed during the early part of the Goryeo era. To the north of this tower, there is a flat land which is assumed to be the place of a sermon hall built on top of a 2m high hill. This tower is made of granite material and is a typical three story pagoda of double stylobate, but is a small stone tower of 2.7m in height at present. One side stone of the ascending stylobate and the main body stone of the third story have disappeared, and only the square roof shaped decoration of the tower's head has remained. Considering that the height of the stone roof has dramatically decreased from its 2nd story, the pagoda is an elegant edifice that has faithfully inherited the Shilla pagoda pattern and was constructed during the early part of Goryo dynasty.

Cheonseong Jinseong

Cheonseong Jinseong
  • Location: Cheonseongdong No. 1613, Gangseogu
  • Category of Cultural Heritage: Busan Metropolitan Designated Cultural Heritage No. 34
  • Date of Designation: March 10, 1989
  • Overview: Located on an important position along the sea route which was used to travel from Japan to Busan and Jinhae and as such, it occupied a path of Japanese invasion from ancient times. When the Japanese caused an upheaval in Saryangjin in 1544 (39th year of king Joongjong), many saw the need to safeguard this place. Hence, a facility to protect the warships was built by setting up stones facing toward the sea and a place for suppression and protection were built and naval forces stationed. With ten thousand horses placed under the affiliation of Gadeokjin, when our naval forces attacked the Japanese fleets anchored at Angolpo during the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592, an important role was played by it as a rear camp. At one time, it fell to the Japanese forces but was later recovered. The circumference of the castle wall is 960m, its width is 4.5m, and its height is 3m. And it shows the patterns of fortification during the mid Joseon era. On December 23, 1988, it was designated as Gyeongsang Namdo cultural heritage, but when it was incorporated to Gangseogu of Busan City on January 1, 1989, it was re-designated as Busan City Designated Cultural Heritage No. 34.

Gadeokdo Cheokhwa Stone

Gadeokdo Cheokhwa Stone
  • Location: Cheonga Elementary School, Seongbukdong No. 344, Gangseogu
  • Category of Cultural Heritage: Busan City Designated Cultural Heritage No. 35
  • Date of Designation: June 20, 1992
  • Overview: This was built in the year of the tiger by Heungseong Daewongun during latter Joseon era and was erected in the year of the ram. Originally, it was located in Gadeokpogu (presently, Seonchang) but it was moved here subsequently. The size of the gravestone is 1.28m x 1.45m x 0.16m and on it is engraved ު ؿҴݡ. This can be seen as a decree that warned the entire people of the country that "a refusal to fight against the western barbarians implies a wish to make peace with them, and let ten thousand generations of my descendants know that making such a peace is selling out on the country." This kind of a Cheokhwa stone was set up in many different border regions of our country.

Gadeokdo Site of Self Animate Camellia Seed Colony

Gadeokdo Site of Self Animate Camellia Seed Colony
  • Location: Daehangdong San No. 13-12, Gangseogu Region
  • Category of Cultural Heritage: Busan City Designated Natural Treasure No. 36
  • Date of Designation: March 20, 1992
  • Overview: There are tens of thousands of wild camellia trees on an area of 24,000 above the sea cliff that is found to the southeast of Gadeokdo. Among them are approximately 2,500 trees that are believed to be more than 150 years old. They blend in well with the fantastic stones and rocks there to create a superb view. The camellia tree, which shows off an appearance of proud loneliness in the midst of the wind and cold snow sweeping down from the north during winter, begin to drop flower buds from mid January to mid April. Camellia tree displays its beauty and reaches its peak around this time and is an evergreen tree of a double seed leaf plant variety. It grows to an height of about 2m, a single flower blossoms at the end of each branch, its color is green, and the tree bears fruit in autumn. Although many camellia trees grow in the southern regions of our country, especially in this region that is called Adong Island of Cheongadong of Gangseogu, wild camellia grows naturally. The size of the region is the largest in the country. The leaves of the wild camellia trees of Gadeokdo have unusually bright shine, and their special features are that the shape of the small flowers is stout looking and the color is clear.

Saenggok Gadal Ancient Tomb District

Saenggok Gadal Ancient Tomb District
  • Location: The entire region of Saenggokdong San 93-1, Gangseogu (Mt. Hakbaedeung situated behind Gadal village)
  • Category of Cultural Heritage: Busan City Designated Heritage No. 43
  • Year: ca. 5th~6th century
  • Excavated: December 18, 1989 ~ February 13, 1990
  • Surveying Institution: Busan Museum
  • Date of Designation: May 25, 1996
  • Overview: Distributed on the mountain situated at the back of Gadal village of Noksan Saenggokdong, the Gadal Ancient Tomb District is an area where the white flags of people's tombs are gathered collectively. It is located in the southernmost area among the collective tomb remains of the Three Kingdom era. Based on the results of a number of surveys on ground surface, it was found that grave robbery made the condition serious. In terms of underground stone graves excluding small stone graves, it was discovered at the time of excavation survey that most of the personal relics have been lost. In this place, pots, goblets, pottery with dark brown glaze, iron axe, large knife, hand knife, spear, arrowhead, iron ingot, and other earthenwares, weapons, and tools have been excavated along with gold objects or gold material earrings, glass marble, and necklace made of jade. Also, a Changnyeong style elevated cup has been excavated and it constitutes rare data for ancient tombs of the Three Kingdom era. Thus, it provides excellent historical object that can shed light on the cultural exchange among the different groups existing within the Gaya area.

Beombang Shell Mound

Beombang Shell Mound
  • Location Beombangdong No.197, Gangseogu region
  • Category of Cultural Heritage: Busan City Designated Heritage No. 44
  • Historical Date: Neolithic Age
  • Excavated: October 23 ~ December 12, 1991
  • Surveying Institution: Busan Museum
  • Date of Designation: May 25, 1996
  • Overview: The Noksandong Beombang Shell Mound is a remains formed according to the cultural layers spanning three phases, namely the early, middle, and latter neolithic age. It was excavated at the side of a field that has been cultivated as a farmland, a place people find after heading toward Beombang from Jukgok of Noksandong. The traces of ancient buildings that have been confirmed at Beombang Shell Mound are round type stove place, traces of collected stones, and underground grave. Considering that places of residence or facilities in addition to these have not been detected, it is believed that this is an outdoor facility for cooking shellfish or animal meats. As the remains of the neolithic age, comb teeth pattern earthenware, stone axe, stone knife, whetstone, stone implements, skeletal tools, fishing needle, grinding stone, sand doll, arrowhead, earring, etc. along with a range of shellfish varieties and meat bones have been excavated at this site. Especially, this is the site where the oldest fossil remains of a child's bones have been discovered in our country. It is believed that the height is approximately 130cm and the age is 11~13 years, and it is given the name, Beombang Child.

Garak Jukdo Woeseong

Garak Jukdo Woeseong
  • Location: Jukrimdong 787 External Lot 32, Gangseogu, No. 4361 External Lot 32 Bongrimdong No. 373 External Lot 1
  • Category of Cultural Heritage: City Designated Cultural Heritage No. 47
  • xDate of Designation: March 21, 1963
  • Overview: During the Japanese invasion of Korea in the 26th year of king Seonjo (1593), the Japanese general, Nabeshima Naoshike, who returned after having successfully stormed the Jinju Castle in July, and his son Gasshike built a stone castle and stationed themselves here for many years. Along with Gamdongpo (~Gupo) castle, this castle enables ships to anchor below it. Its area is approximately 30,000, and when it was constructed, the people of Joseon kingdom living in areas under Japanese control were forcibly mobilized. It is surmised that annually, approximately 40,000 workers were brought here to work. At present, there remains only 100m of the castle wall. Even though it has been constructed under a Japanese name, the castle should be carefully preserved because it is a cultural heritage that was built by the sweat and blood of our ancestors.

Gadeokdo Lighthouse

Gadeokdo Lighthouse
  • Location: Daehangdong San No. 13-2, Gangseogu
  • Category of Cultural Heritage: City Designated Cultural Heritage No. 50
  • Date of Designation: August of 2003
  • Overview: Located at Daehangdong San No. 13-2, Gangseogu, the Gadeokdo Lighthouse was constructed in December of 1909 during the age of Korean Empire. With a building area of 105.6 and a height of 9.2m for the light tower (octagonal), it had a grand exterior for its time. If we look closely at the architectural pattern, the style of the light tower is gothic, similar to light towers found in France. A protruding type, sloping front door made of wooden material, which fit well with the width of the entrance stairs, was installed. The upper hanging board had engraved on it a pattern of plum flower, which was the symbol of the Joseon imperial household. As such, the lighthouse has a structure that integrates Korean, Japanese, and European architectural patterns. As one of the architectural edifices that first used the pattern/architectural material/method of decorative design of modern western architecture, the Gadeokdo Lighthouse retains most of its round shape in contrast to the majority of the many lighthouses built around the same time, which have thier round shape considerably damaged. Hence, this is a cultural heritage that shows yet a greater worth from the standpoint of history and architectural history.